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    Cannabidiol (CBD) Modulation of Apelin in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

    OCTOBER 15, 2020

    Published in the Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
    https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcmm.15883

    Dr. Baban’s research team has published its second study on the use of CBD to treat ARDS. They have discovered that apelin is drastically reduced in the lungs of the animals with ARDS, and treatment with CBD resulted in near-normal apelin levels. Apelin is a natural peptide known to reduce inflammation and is a substrate for ACE2.

    Cannabis, CBD and COVID-19 Research

    Scientists and health specialists around the world are working to understand why the SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic, can cause someone to have life-threatening symptoms. They are quite confident that the problem arises from when our bodies respond to a viral infection with an excessive inflammatory response, known as a cytokine storm, and develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Doctors are still trying to figure out the best treatment course for patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms, as traditional anti-inflammatory drugs don’t seem to benefit these patients.  Several research groups that have joined the world-wide efforts in search of therapeutic agents to treat this new threat are currently focusing their attention on the potential of Cannabis.

    Here we list the results of these studies as they become available to the public to provide you with reliable info about the therapeutic use of cannabinoids in treating COVID-19.

    SEPTEMBER 2, 2020

    Cannabidiol Modulates Cytokine Storm in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Induced by Simulated Viral Infection Using Synthetic RNA

    Published in Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
    https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/can.2020.0043

    This new study has shed some light on whether CBD can help with COVID-19 or not. The team from Augusta University in Georgia (USA), led by Dr. Baban, tested in an animal model if CBD could alleviate severe COVID-19 symptoms by reducing the inflammatory response and by “calming the storm” of cytokines.

    They concluded: “Our results suggest a potential protective role for CBD during ARDS that may extend CBD as part of the treatment of COVID-19 by reducing the cytokine storm, protecting pulmonary tissues, and re-establishing inflammatory homeostasis“.

    AUGUST 28, 2020

    Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Prevents Mortality from Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome through the Induction of Apoptosis in Immune Cells, Leading to Cytokine Storm Suppression

    Published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503745/pdf/ijms-21-06244.pdf

    In the most severe cases of COVID-19, patients usually develop Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), a major trigger of mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 virus-induced disease.

    Using a mouse model of ARDS which triggers 100% mortality (up to 40% of humans with ARDS die) researchers tested if THC would help treat the usual symptoms. Treatment with THC not only reduced mortality to 0%, but it also decreased lung inflammation and suppression of the cytokine storm.

    AUGUST 4, 2020

    Protective Effects of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Against Enterotoxin-induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome are Mediated by Modulation of Microbiota

    Published in the British Journal of Pharmacology
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7436585/pdf/BPH-9999-na.pdf

    After identifying several ways in which treatment with THC prevented death in a mouse model of ARDS and had anti-inflammatory effects, Prof. Nagarkatti and his team looked at changes in the microbiota of the lungs and gut.

    Similar alterations in microbiota found in the lungs and gut in ARDS-induced mice were reversed by THC treatment, and the ability of THC to attenuate ARDS resulted from THC-induced alterations in the microbiota.

    JUNE 16, 2020

    Administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Post-Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Exposure Protects Mice From Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Toxicity

    Published in Frontiers in Pharmacology
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7308536/

    In this study, a team of researchers led by Prof. Nagarkatti looked to see if THC could prevent the onset of symptoms developed in severe COVID-19 cases, using a mouse model of ARSD.

    THC led to 100% survival of mice and significantly suppressed inflammatory cytokines. This study goes deep into the molecular and gene regulation mechanisms that brought about this striking result.

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